NASA
About
About NASA
NASA develops robotic systems around the communication delay, environmental risk and limited servicing available in space. Perseverance combines autonomous navigation with a robotic arm and sample-caching hardware for Mars surface science, while Astrobee uses fans, cameras and a perching arm to move through the International Space Station and support inventory, experiments and crew-assistance tasks.
The agency also develops distributed and servicing autonomy. The CADRE programme uses three small lunar rovers that share maps, select a leader and coordinate subsurface measurements without continuous ground commands. In-space servicing work combines rendezvous sensors, robotic manipulation, refuelling and assembly methods for spacecraft that cannot be reached by astronauts. NASA develops these systems through its centres and mission partners, then uses flight programmes to validate the hardware and autonomy under real operational constraints.
Products
- NASA/JPL CADRE
CADRE
- Perseverance Rover
Perseverance
Observed use
- RoboCraftsman at NASA toroidal tank demonstration
Physical Demo - Tested With - Machina Labs used RoboCraftsman with RoboForming to fabricate a NASA toroidal tank without dedicated molds or dies.
Source
Supply
Supply chain relationships
- Harmonic Drive Systems
Inbound - actuation and motion control - Five Harmonic Drive reducers position instruments on NASA Perseverance's robotic arm
Source - maxon
Inbound - actuation and motion control - maxon supplied nine EC 32 motors plus an EC 20 motor and GP 22 UP gearhead for Perseverance
Source - SKF
Inbound - actuation and motion control - NASA's Perseverance rover incorporates SKF Kaydon RealiSlim bearings in its robotic arm and sample-handling mechanisms
Source - maxon
Inbound - actuation and motion control - Six maxon DCX motors controlled rotor-blade pitch on NASA's Ingenuity Mars helicopter
Source - Astrobotic
Inbound - Ground Robotics - Astrobotic delivered CubeRover hardware for NASA Kennedy testing under its SBIR Phase II development contract
Source - Elmo Motion Control
Inbound - Motion Control - NASA's RASSOR lunar excavation robot integrates Elmo high-power-density servo drives
Source - maxon
Inbound - actuation and motion control - Each NASA Spirit and Opportunity rover used 35 maxon DC motors for mobility, control and its robotic arm
Source - ATI Industrial Automation
Inbound - Sensing - ATI supplied a space-rated force/torque sensor in NASA Perseverance’s sample-handling assembly
Source - Rocket Lab
Inbound - Spacecraft System - Rocket Lab built two Explorer-class spacecraft for NASA and UC Berkeley's ESCAPADE mission
Source - Qualcomm
Inbound - Compute & Control - Qualcomm Flight Platform powered NASA's Ingenuity Mars helicopter
Source - Lunar Outpost
Inbound - Oem Builders - NASA awarded Lunar Outpost $220 million to build and deliver Phase 1 lunar terrain vehicles
Source - Advanced Aircraft Company
Inbound - Equipment - Advanced Aircraft Company supplies free-swinging tilt-wing UAV prototype design and build for NASA prototype contract
Source - Katalyst Space
Inbound - Equipment - Katalyst Space supplies robotic satellite capture and orbit-raising mission service for NASA Swift Observatory rescue mission
Source - Carnegie Robotics
Inbound - Perception - Carnegie Robotics MultiSense SL served as the main perception sensor in NASA Valkyrie (R5)
Source - Intel
Inbound - Compute & Control - NASA Valkyrie (R5) used two Intel Core i7 computers
Source
Team
- Jared Isaacman - NASA Administrator - Leads NASA as its current administrator.
- Sean Duffy - Acting NASA Administrator - Former acting agency leader; retained as historical leadership.
Timeline
Events
- 2026-10-22 - Contract Award - NASA awards Momentus robotic-resupply formulation task
A later downselect is intended to choose one participant for implementation and flight. The proposed spacecraft would deliver TechLeap robotic payloads and dock with the spacecraft hosting the FFR arm. The arm would transfer payloads between spacecraft for further robotic operations and demonstrations.
Source - 2026-10-06 - Award - Yank Technologies wins two NASA Phase I awards for robotic wireless power
One project develops modular kilowatt-class wireless power that accommodates misalignment and regolith contamination. The other develops a compact AC-DC converter with self-diagnostics for voltage, current and temperature. Yank says the awards are its seventh and eighth NASA contracts.
Source - 2026-10-05 - Partnership - Orbital Robotics and Arkisys plan ISS autonomous-arm demonstrations for 2027
Astronauts will install the arms on a NASA Astrobee to capture a second Astrobee and replace a compute module. Orbital is funding the programme, with Arkisys providing integration and platform support through its NASA Space Act Agreement. Three demonstrations are planned roughly a month apart, after which the arms will remain aboard for further experiments.
Source - 2026-07-21 - Deployment - NASA-supported robotic servicing mission launches for geosynchronous operations
Northrop Grumman's Mission Robotic Vehicle launched on July 21 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9. NASA supplied simulation tools, software-performance analysis and flight robot operators. The spacecraft is designed to inspect and upgrade satellites using twin dexterous robotic arms.
Source - 2026-07-15 - Capability - Wisk and NASA complete three-aircraft autonomy supervision trial
The exercise tested a 1:3 supervisor-to-aircraft concept on routes between Moffett Field and San Martin Airport. Controllers continued using existing procedures and tools while scenarios included operational contingencies. The trial formed part of Wisk’s five-year NASA collaboration and does not represent certified passenger service.
Source - 2026-07-08 - Contract Award - NASA awards Ground Control Robotics STRIDE work
Ground Control Robotics was one of seven companies selected under NASA's Science Transport and Robotic Innovation for Deployment and Exploration initiative. The STRIDE awards support commercial robotic mobility concepts intended to reach difficult terrain, travel farther and access scientifically valuable Mars regions. NASA stated that the awards have a combined potential value of about $17 million, with work targeted to begin in fall 2026.
Source - 2026-04-28 - Demonstration - NASA and UNOS plan organ-transport drone trial
Through this agreement, NASA will apply its aeronautics expertise and flight research capabilities to evaluate whether drones can help reduce those delays, improve delivery timelines, potentially improving medical outcomes. The partnership brings together NASA’s expertise in aviation research and UNOS’ role at the center of the U.S.
Source - 2026-04-11 - Demonstration - Innate runs 25 MARS robots at Y Combinator RoboHacks
Innate and Iterate co-hosted the two-day robotics hackathon at Y Combinator's San Francisco office. More than 120 builders developed projects using at least 25 general-purpose MARS robots. NASA, Google DeepMind and other technology organizations supported the event's speakers, tracks and prizes.
Source - 2026-02-26 - Award - HEBI Robotics receives $850K NASA SBIR Phase II award for modular space actuators
The two-year Phase II project follows HEBI Robotics’ successful Phase I SBIR effort and focuses on modular actuation hardware for space environments. HEBI said the work will include avionics and control electronics compatible with its actuator ecosystem and third-party robotic systems for low-Earth-orbit and geosynchronous-orbit applications. The award extends HEBI Robotics’ space-robotics program from initial actuator testing into a larger development effort for modular systems that can operate with HEBI and third-party robotic hardware.
Source - 2026-02-16 - Partnership - NASA selects Orbit Fab for Lunar Gateway fluid-transfer work
Orbit Fab is working with NASA on a coolant coupling for Gateway's thermal-control architecture. The work addresses reliable fluid transfer in the lunar-orbit environment. The project extends Orbit Fab's interface experience beyond propellant refueling into maintainable spacecraft infrastructure.
Source - 2025-12-10 - Award - NASA awards Reliable Robotics airport-integration contract
The NASA Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate contract covers flights of an automated Cessna 208B Caravan in and around airports. Reliable will also test contingency-management functions for large uncrewed aircraft operations. Flight data is intended to support FAA certification and technical standards for integrating large UAS into the national airspace system.
Source - 2025-12-10 - Capability - NASA Perseverance completes first AI-planned Mars drive
The AI-planned drives were executed on December 8 and 10, 2025. A vision-capable AI generated safe waypoints without manual route planning by rover operators. NASA framed the milestone as a step toward more autonomous rover operations on planetary surfaces.
Source - 2025-09-24 - Partnership - Arkisys takes on NASA Astrobee support through an unfunded Space Act Agreement
Arkisys will continue enabling partners to conduct technology experiments in the station’s microgravity environment. The platform comprises Bumble, Honey and Queen, together with control software and a recharging dock.
Source - 2024-09-18 - Award - HEBI Robotics receives NASA SBIR Phase I grant
NASA awarded HEBI Robotics a Small Business Innovation Research Phase I grant. HEBI said the award will support development of smart robotic actuation hardware and building blocks compatible with the HEBI platform. The company said the project is aimed at hardware suitable for missions to space.
Source - 2023-08-23 - Partnership - NASA collaboration advances Apptronik’s Apollo humanoid robot
Apptronik worked with NASA through SBIR contracts to develop Apollo for Earth-based logistics, manufacturing, delivery and care applications. NASA’s contribution centered on modularity, mobility and software features for safe operation near people, while Apollo can be reconfigured with different levels of dexterity, autonomy and tool use. The same programme gives Apptronik’s commercial humanoid a possible path to future lunar and Martian support, although the page describes potential adaptation rather than a space deployment.
Source - 2022-11-02 - Product Launch - PSYONIC releases Ability Hand for research users
PSYONIC announced the Ability Hand was being released for robotics researchers worldwide. The company said the hand''s API enabled torque, velocity, and position control of six brushless DC motors plus streaming of encoder and touch-sensor values. PSYONIC identified early research clients including Meta, NASA, Apptronik, and Sanctuary AI, framing the product as a fit for robot learning and dexterous manipulation research.
Source - 2022-07-22 - Contract Award - NASA awards Thinking Robots Phase I TRACS contract
The award start date is 22 July 2022. The project applies the TRACS cognitive architecture to deep-space support. The amount is recorded from the federal award record.
Source - 2021-07-13 - Partnership - SkyGrid signs NASA Space Act Agreement for advanced air mobility
SkyGrid was one of thirteen organizations selected to work with NASA on future advanced-air-mobility systems. The work covered airspace-system capabilities, integrated vehicle and airspace demonstrations, and simulations for National Campaign-1. SkyGrid focused on conflict management, interoperability, community impact and urban airspace infrastructure for passenger and cargo aircraft.
Source - 2021-06-25 - Partnership - NASA's NeBula enables Spot to explore Martian-like caves
• NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) integrated its NeBula autonomy and AI system with Boston Dynamics' Spot robot. • The combined system autonomously explored Martian-like caves on Earth without prior maps or human guidance. • This demonstration showcased the robot's ability to navigate extreme terrains independently.
Source - 2021-01-14 - Partnership - Elroy Air and NASA partner on autonomous cargo-aircraft integration
The work covered collision avoidance, flight-path management and two-way network flight-plan communications. NASA planned to supply simulation scenarios and interface details. The partners intended to demonstrate integrated scenarios with Chaparral flights.
Source
Notes
Profile notes
- NASA cancelled OSAM-1 after the market moved away from refuelling unprepared satellites
reviewed 2026-07-19 - OSAM-1 passed critical design review as a three-arm robotic servicing and assembly spacecraft, with launch then expected no earlier than 2025. NASA later discontinued the flight project because of technical, cost and schedule problems and a broader shift toward service-ready spacecraft that left it without a committed partner; some technology may be licensed or reused, but the OSAM-1 mission itself will not validate it in orbit.
Source
Relations
Relationships
- Apptronik
Technology And Team Lineage - Apptronik was founded by engineers from NASA's Valkyrie programme and later collaborated with NASA on several robot systems.
- Elroy Air
Airspace Integration Partner - Elroy Air and NASA collaborate on safe integration of autonomous cargo aircraft into U.S. airspace.
- Rocket Lab
Escapade Mission Customer - Two Rocket Lab-built ESCAPADE spacecraft launched for NASA and UC Berkeley’s Mars mission.
- NASA Ames Research Center
Nasa Field Center - NASA Ames Research Center is a NASA field center.
- Lunar Outpost
Ltvs Task Order Customer - NASA awarded Lunar Outpost a $220 million Pegasus lunar terrain vehicle task order.
- Astrobotic
Clps Lunar Delivery Customer - NASA awarded Astrobotic a $79.5 million CLPS contract for Peregrine lunar payload delivery.
- Ground Control Robotics
Stride Contract Recipient - NASA selected Ground Control Robotics for a STRIDE contract to advance commercial robotic surface mobility for future Mars exploration.
- Advanced Aircraft Company
Prototype Programme - NASA contracted AAC to design and build a free-swinging tilt-wing prototype.
- Thinking Robots
Sbir Phase I Awarding Agency - NASA awarded Thinking Robots a Phase I SBIR to evaluate TRACS for deep-space cognitive-agent support.
- Astrobotic
Cuberover Tipping Point Award - NASA awarded Astrobotic a $2 million Tipping Point contract for CubeRover maturation.
- Orbit Fab
Research And Development Award - Orbit Fab supplies development of a coolant fluid coupling for NASA Lunar Gateway.
- Yank Technologies
Research Contract - Yank Technologies conducts NASA SBIR Phase I research on robotic wireless power and diagnostic AC-DC conversion.
- Northrop Grumman
Rsgs Robotic Servicing Mission Partner
- Wisk Aero
Autonomous Airspace Research Partner - Wisk Aero works with NASA on the cited autonomy programme.
- Arkisys
Astrobee Sustainer Under Unfunded Space Act Agreement - Arkisys sustains and maintains NASA’s Astrobee platform aboard the ISS under an unfunded Space Act Agreement.
- SkyGrid
Advanced Air Mobility Campaign Partner - SkyGrid signed a Space Act Agreement to support NASA's Advanced Air Mobility National Campaign.
- Boston Dynamics
Partner - Boston Dynamics collaborated with NASA on robotics research and development, including testing humanoid robots for space applications.
Commercial
- NASA awards Momentus robotic-resupply formulation task
2026-10-22 · Order / contract · NASA selected Momentus as one of two participants developing the mission concept, interfaces and system design for its Fly Foundational Robots Resupply mission.
Source - NASA awards Ground Control Robotics STRIDE work
2026-07-08 · Order / contract · NASA selected Ground Control Robotics among seven STRIDE contract awardees for advanced Mars surface-mobility development.
Source - NASA awards Thinking Robots Phase I TRACS contract
2022-07-22 · Order / contract · NASA awarded Thinking Robots a $149,945 Phase I SBIR contract to develop a TRACS-based cognitive agent for deep-space operations.
Source